| Judul | Abstract | Halaman |
|---|
| The Influence of Pt Atomic Ratio in the Activity PtNi/C Nanocatalysts for the PEMFC | Pt-Ni/C alloy nanocatalysts synthesized by polyol method with different atomic ratio are investigated to enhance activity of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) for fuel cell applications. Prepared catalysts are characterized by various techniques, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDX), and cyclic voltammetry (CV). XRD analysis shows that all prepared catalysts with different atomic ratio exhibit face centered cubic and have smaller lattice parameters than pure Pt catalyst. The mean particle size of the catalysts are between 4.3 to 6.3 nm. Cyclic voltammograms with scan rate 5 mV s-1 at 25oC obtain range the electrochemical active surface (EAS) between 40 to 164 cm2/mgPt, mass activity (MA) and specific activity (SA) of nanocatalysts PtNi/C in the potential range 900 mV versus RHE between 3.61 to 8.42 mA/mgPt, and 0.05 to 0.09. | 1-10 |
| The All-DQ-Domain EMTP | This paper presents an improvement to dq-domain method of calculating electromagnetic transients. The proposed methodology works on dq-domain model for all components of the power system and during all time iterations. This is a new direction distinct from the old one where the network is invariably modeled in phase-domain. By modeling the network in dq-domain there is no more problem of interfacing machine to network as usually met in the existing method as machine is modeled invariably in dq-domain. Besides eliminating the time consuming transformation procedure between dq-domain to phase-domain or visa versa the new method is able now to fully exploit the infinite stability region of the trapezoidal rule of integration. The prediction/correction procedure of the conventional dq-domain method, which is notoriously known limiting the stability region, is no longer required. Comparing simulations using the new method and ATP, one of the conventional dq-domain version, show perfect conformity for small time step. For long time step while ATP is failing, the new method still converges accurately up to Nyquist’s interval. | 11-26 |
| An Experimental Investigation of Passive Variable-Pitch Vertical-Axis Ocean Current Turbine | Vertical-axis hydrokinetic turbines with fixed pitch blades typically suffer from poor starting torque, low efficiency and shaking due to large fluctuations in both radial and tangential force with azimuth angle. Maximizing the turbine power output can be achieved only if the mechanism of generation of the hydrodynamic force on the blades is clearly identified and tools to design high-performance rotors are developed.
This paper describes an initial experimental investigation to understand more of the performance on vertical-axis turbine related to the effect of fixed-pitch and passive variable-pitch application using airfoil NACA 0018. Comparative analysis according to aspects of rotation and tip speed ratios was discussed. Information regarding the changes of foil position in passive variable-pitch during rotation at a limited range of flow velocity variations test was obtained and analyzed. | 27-40 |
| Statistical Evaluation of Non-Agglomerating Coating for Granulated Natural Asphalt | Agglomeration of granulated Buton natural asphalt during storage is of major concern in its large-scale commercial application. This work develops a simple test method to evaluate the performance of agglomeration-resistant coating for granulated Buton asphalt, consisting of water-based polymeric primary coating and mineral-based secondary coating. The method uses a static load cell to measure the agglomerated granule count fraction under simulated storage conditions. A 24-1 fractional factorial experiment with two replications is employed to evaluate the effect of coating drying temperature, drying time, asphalt to secondary coating mass ratio, and secondary coating type on the agglomerated count fraction at ambient temperature and 60 oC. The test is able to measure a statistically significant increase in agglomeration resistance when the coating is applied, with an agglomerated fraction of 17.5% at 60 oC. The test identifies asphalt to secondary coating weight ratio as a significant factor, with an ANOVA p-value much lower than other effects. A decrease in this mass ratio from 5:1 to 5:2 increases the agglomeration, which is hypothesized to be attributed to the hydrated cementitious phase between granular external surfaces. More work is needed to identify the acceptable fraction of agglomerated granules. | 41-56 |
| 2-D Physical Modeling to Measure the Effectiveness of Perforated Skirt Breakwater for Short-Period Waves | The effectiveness of a breakwater can be measured by quantifying the transmission coefficient (KT). The smaller the coefficient, the better the performance of the breakwater. A physical modeling on the proposed breakwater was conducted to identify the coefficient of Perforated Skirt Breakwater (PSB). The PSB model was tested in 2-D wave flume at Ocean Wave Research Laboratory FTSL ITB, to obtain the effectiveness of PSB for short-period waves (prototype periods, Tp= 4 second and smaller). The scaling of PSB models applies the principle of Froude Similarity, where the Froude number in model equals to the Froude number in prototype (Frm=Frp). The flume is equipped with 5 resistance-type wave probes and 8-channel DAS (Data Acquisition System). Wave heights (H) and wave periods (T) data were observed both manually by visual observation and wave probes readings (processed later with method of “zero mean up-crossing” technique). The incoming wave heights (Hi) and transmitted wave heights (Ht) were measured and processed to obtain the transmission coefficient (KT). The relationships between KT and non-dimensional variables (skirt draft / incident wave height, S/Hi) are analyzed and the calculated effectiveness of the PSB for varied environmental condition is obtained to be up to 70%. | 57-78 |
