| Judul | Abstract | Halaman |
|---|
| Nanolithography on the Electron Beam Resist using the Scanning Probe Microscope Cantilever | This research demonstrates the feasibility of fabricating nanoscale resist patterns on a silicon (Si) substrate using a scanning probe microscope (SPM). In order to utilize scanning probe nanolithography (SPNL) with the other micro-machining techniques such as dry etching, plating and lift-off process, nanoscale resist patterns should be created on an Si substrate with high accuracy in SPNL. We have, so far, established the negative type of SPNL using the negative-tone electron beam (EB) resist named SAL601. The primary objective of this research is to find out appropriate process conditions for establishing the positive type of SPNL using the positive EB resist ″ZEP520A″. This paper describes the variations of experimentally created nano-patterns depending on the process conditions, and determines the appropriate process conditions from the variations obtained. In addition, we analyzed the electric field in the EB resist by a finite element method (FEM), for estimating the line width of the nano-pattern created by SPNL. | 1-10 |
| Partial Internal Control Recovery on 1-D Klein-Gordon Systems | In this exposition, a technique to recover internal control on a distributed parameter system is reported. The system is described by 1-D Klein- Gordon partial differential equation with a time-varying parameter. We would like to recover the internal control applied to the system if we know some limited information about the output. We use a method called sentinel method to recover the internal control. It involves some construction of a linear functional, and we show that this construction relates closely to the exact controllability problem. | 11-22 |
| Artificial Life of Soybean Plant Growth Modeling Using Intelligence Approaches | The natural process on plant growth system has a complex system and it has could be developed on characteristic studied using intelligent approaches conducting with artificial life system. The approaches on examining the natural process on soybean (Glycine Max L.Merr) plant growth have been analyzed and synthesized in these research through modeling using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Lindenmayer System (L-System) methods. Research aimed to design and to visualize plant growth modeling on the soybean varieties which these could help for studying botany of plant based on fertilizer compositions on plant growth with Nitrogen (N), Phosphor (P) and Potassium (K). The soybean plant growth has been analyzed based on the treatments of plant fertilizer compositions in the experimental research to develop plant growth modeling. By using N, P, K fertilizer compositions, its capable result on the highest production 2.074 tons/hectares. Using these models, the simulation on artificial life for describing identification and visualization on the characteristic of soybean plant growth could be demonstrated and applied. | 23-30 |
| The Magnetic Properties of Indonesian Lake Sediment: A Case Study of a Tectonic Lake in South Sulawesi and Maar Lakes in East Java | Magnetic properties of sediments from two different environmental settings in Indonesia have been studied using rock magnetic methods and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In the first setting, magnetic measurements were conducted on core sediments from two maar lakes in East Java (Lakes Lading and Bedali) that represent very confined environments where sediments are derived mainly from rocks and soils within the craters. In the second setting, similar measurements were obtained on core sediment from Lake Matano, a cryptodepression lake in tectonically active South Sulawesi where the area around the lake is dominated by highly magnetic lateritic soils. The results show that the predominant magnetic mineralogy in sediments from Lakes Lading, Bedali, as well as Matano is pseudo-single domain (PSD) magnetite (Fe3O4). Compared to that of Lake Matano, the maar lake sediments of Lakes Lading and Bedali have higher magnetic susceptibility as well as high intensity of ARM and SIRM. Variations in magnetic susceptibility in all core sediments are controlled mainly by the concentration of magnetic minerals. The homogeneity of magnetic minerals in these three lakes sediment provides an excellent setting for interpreting paleoclimatic signals as they will be recorded as anomalies of magnetic susceptibility. | 31-48 |
| Historical Fire Detection of Tropical Forest from NDVI Time-series Data: Case Study on Jambi, Indonesia | In addition to forest encroachment, forest fire is a serious problem in Indonesia. Attempts at managing its widespread and frequent occurrence has led to intensive use of remote sensing data. Coarse resolution images have been employed to derive hot spots as an indicator of forest fire. However, most efforts to verify the hot spot data and to verify fire accidents have been restricted to the use of medium or high resolution data. At present, it is difficult to verify solely upon those data due to severe cloud cover and low revisit time. In this paper, we present a method to validate forest fire using NDVI time series data. With the freely available NDVI data from SPOT VEGETATION, we successfully detected changes in time series data which were associated with fire accidents. | 49-66 |
| Developing Information System on Lunar Crescent Observations | We present a progress report on the development of information system of lunar crescent astronomical observations which will be largely accessible for public domain. This consists of calculations of the Moon’s ephemeris as well as systematic real-time lunar crescent observations. A well suited small telescope, equipped with a simple digital detector, is connected to a server to provide information on lunar crescent observations. The system has been used and worked well. The only constraint is poor weather condition. Network of small telescopes, installed at various locations in Indonesia, are currently planned to provide plethora of data. In the long term, this will be used to help to determine the astronomical visibility criteria of lunar crescent for Islamic calendar. | 67-80 |
